|
Background: |
Guam was ceded to the US by
Spain in 1898. Captured by the Japanese in 1941, it was retaken by the US
three years later. The military installation on the island is one of the
most strategically important US bases in the Pacific. |
|
Location: |
Oceania, island in the North
Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to the
Philippines |
|
Geographic coordinates: |
13 28 N, 144 47 E |
|
Map references: |
Oceania |
|
Area: |
total: 541.3 sq km
land: 541.3 sq km
water: 0 sq km |
|
Area - comparative: |
three times the size of
Washington, DC |
|
Land boundaries: |
0 km |
|
Coastline: |
125.5 km |
|
Maritime claims: |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
|
Climate: |
tropical marine; generally warm
and humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season (January to
June), rainy season (July to December); little seasonal temperature
variation |
|
Terrain: |
volcanic origin, surrounded by
coral reefs; relatively flat coralline limestone plateau (source of most
fresh water), with steep coastal cliffs and narrow coastal plains in
north, low hills in center, mountains in south |
|
Elevation extremes: |
lowest point: Pacific
Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Lamlam 406 m |
|
Natural resources: |
aquatic wildlife (supporting
tourism), fishing (largely undeveloped) |
|
Land use: |
arable land: 3.64%
permanent crops: 18.18%
other: 78.18% (2005) |
|
Irrigated land: |
NA |
|
Natural hazards: |
frequent squalls during rainy
season; relatively rare, but potentially very destructive typhoons (June -
December) |
|
Environment - current issues: |
extirpation of native bird
population by the rapid proliferation of the brown tree snake, an exotic,
invasive species |
|
Geography - note: |
largest and southernmost island
in the Mariana Islands archipelago; strategic location in western North
Pacific Ocean |
|
Population: |
175,877 (July 2008 est.) |
|
Age structure: |
0-14 years: 28.2% (male
25,644/female 23,910)
15-64 years: 64.8% (male 58,034/female
55,900)
65 years and over: 7% (male 5,801/female 6,588) (2008
est.) |
|
Median age: |
total: 28.9 years
male: 28.7 years
female: 29.2 years (2008 est.)
|
|
Population growth rate: |
1.373% (2008 est.) |
|
Birth rate: |
18.37 births/1,000 population
(2008 est.) |
|
Death rate: |
4.65 deaths/1,000 population
(2008 est.) |
|
Net migration rate: |
NA |
|
Sex ratio: |
at birth: 1.06
male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
15-64
years: 1.04 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.88
male(s)/female
total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2008
est.) |
|
Infant mortality rate: |
total: 6.55 deaths/1,000
live births
male: 7.22 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.84 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.) |
|
Life expectancy at birth: |
total population: 78.93
years
male: 75.86 years
female: 82.19 years (2008
est.) |
|
Total fertility rate: |
2.55 children born/woman (2008
est.) |
|
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: |
NA |
|
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: |
NA |
|
HIV/AIDS - deaths: |
NA |
|
Nationality: |
noun: Guamanian(s) (US
citizens)
adjective: Guamanian |
|
Ethnic groups: |
Chamorro 37.1%, Filipino 26.3%,
other Pacific islander 11.3%, white 6.9%, other Asian 6.3%, other ethnic
origin or race 2.3%, mixed 9.8% (2000 census) |
|
Religions: |
Roman Catholic 85%, other 15%
(1999 est.) |
|
Languages: |
English 38.3%, Chamorro 22.2%,
Philippine languages 22.2%, other Pacific island languages 6.8%, Asian
languages 7%, other languages 3.5% (2000 census) |
|
Literacy: |
definition: age 15 and
over can read and write
total population: 99%
male:
99%
female: 99% (1990 est.) |
|
Country name: |
conventional long form:
Territory of Guam
conventional short form: Guam
local
long form: Guahan
local short form: Guahan |
|
Dependency status: |
organized, unincorporated
territory of the US with policy relations between Guam and the US under
the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the
Interior |
|
Government type: |
NA |
|
Capital: |
name: Hagatna (Agana)
geographic coordinates: 13 28 N, 144 44 E
time
difference: UTC+10 (15 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard
Time) |
|
Administrative divisions: |
none (territory of the US)
|
|
Independence: |
none (territory of the US)
|
|
National holiday: |
Discovery Day, first Monday in
March (1521) |
|
Constitution: |
Organic Act of Guam, 1 August
1950 |
|
Legal system: |
modeled on US; US federal laws
apply |
|
Suffrage: |
18 years of age; universal; US
citizens, but do not vote in US presidential elections |
|
Executive branch: |
chief of state:
President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President
Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001)
head of government:
Governor Felix P. CAMACHO (since 6 January 2003); Lieutenant Governor Dr.
Michael W. CRUZ (since 1 January 2007)
cabinet: heads of
executive departments; appointed by the governor with the consent of the
Guam legislature
elections: under the US Constitution,
residents of unincorporated territories, such as Guam, do not vote in
elections for US president and vice president; governor and lieutenant
governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year term
(can serve two consecutive terms, then must wait a full term before
running again); election last held 7 November 2006 (next to be held in
November 2010)
election results: Felix P. CAMACHO reelected
governor; Dr. Michael W. CRUZ elected lieutenant governor; percent of vote
- NA |
|
Legislative branch: |
unicameral Legislature (15
seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve two-year terms)
elections: last held 7 November 2006 (next to be held in
November 2008)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA;
seats by party - Republican Party 8, Democratic Party 7
note:
Guam elects one nonvoting delegate to the US House of Representatives;
election last held 7 November 2006 (next to be held in November 2008);
results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Democratic Party
1 |
|
Judicial branch: |
Federal District Court (judge
is appointed by the president); Territorial Superior Court (judges
appointed for eight-year terms by the governor) |
|
Political parties and leaders: |
Democratic Party [leader
Michael PHILLIPS]; Republican Party [Philip J. FLORES] (controls the
legislature) |
|
Political pressure groups and leaders: |
NA |
|
International organization participation: |
IOC, SPC, UPU |
|
Diplomatic representation in the US: |
none (territory of the US)
|
|
Diplomatic representation from the US: |
none (territory of the US)
|
|
Flag description: |
territorial flag is dark blue
with a narrow red border on all four sides; centered is a red-bordered,
pointed, vertical ellipse containing a beach scene, outrigger canoe with
sail, and a palm tree with the word GUAM superimposed in bold red letters;
US flag is the national flag |
|
Economy - overview: |
The economy depends largely on
US military spending and tourism. Total US grants, wage payments, and
procurement outlays amounted to $1.3 billion in 2004. Over the past 30
years, the tourist industry has grown to become the largest income source
following national defense. The Guam economy continues to experience
expansion in both its tourism and military sectors. |
|
GDP (purchasing power parity): |
$2.5 billion (2005 est.) |
|
GDP (official exchange rate): |
$2.773 billion (2001) |
|
GDP - real growth rate: |
NA% |
|
GDP - per capita (PPP): |
$15,000 (2005 est.) |
|
GDP - composition by sector: |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA% |
|
Labor force: |
62,050 (2002 est.) |
|
Labor force - by occupation: |
agriculture: 26%
industry: 10%
services: 64% (2004 est.) |
|
Unemployment rate: |
11.4% (2002 est.) |
|
Population below poverty line: |
23% (2001 est.) |
|
Household income or consumption by percentage
share: |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
|
Inflation rate (consumer prices): |
2.5% (2005 est.) |
|
Budget: |
revenues: $319.6 million
expenditures: $427.8 million (2002 est.) |
|
Agriculture - products: |
fruits, copra, vegetables;
eggs, pork, poultry, beef |
|
Industries: |
US military, tourism,
construction, transshipment services, concrete products, printing and
publishing, food processing, textiles |
|
Industrial production growth rate: |
NA% |
|
Electricity - production: |
1.793 billion kWh (2005) |
|
Electricity - production by source: |
fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0%
nuclear: 0%
other: 0% (2001)
|
|
Electricity - consumption: |
1.667 billion kWh (2005) |
|
Electricity - exports: |
0 kWh (2005) |
|
Electricity - imports: |
0 kWh (2005) |
|
Oil - production: |
0 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
|
Oil - consumption: |
13,530 bbl/day (2005 est.)
|
|
Oil - exports: |
0 bbl/day (2004) |
|
Oil - imports: |
12,130 bbl/day (2004) |
|
Oil - proved reserves: |
0 bbl (1 January 2006 est.)
|
|
Natural gas - production: |
0 cu m (2005 est.) |
|
Natural gas - consumption: |
0 cu m (2005 est.) |
|
Natural gas - exports: |
0 cu m (2005 est.) |
|
Natural gas - imports: |
0 cu m (2005) |
|
Natural gas - proved reserves: |
0 cu m (1 January 2006 est.)
|
|
Exports: |
$45 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
|
|
Exports - commodities: |
transshipments of refined
petroleum products, construction materials, fish, food and beverage
products |
|
Exports - partners: |
Japan 67.2%, Singapore 11.6%,
UK 4.8% (2006) |
|
Imports: |
$701 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
|
|
Imports - commodities: |
petroleum and petroleum
products, food, manufactured goods |
|
Imports - partners: |
Singapore 50%, South Korea
21.4%, Japan 14%, Hong Kong 4.6% (2006) |
|
Economic aid - recipient: |
Guam receives large transfer
payments from the US Federal Treasury ($143 million in 1997) into which
Guamanians pay no income or excise taxes; under the provisions of a
special law of Congress, the Guam Treasury, rather than the US Treasury,
receives federal income taxes paid by military and civilian Federal
employees stationed in Guam (2001 est.) |
|
Debt - external: |
|
|
Currency (code): |
US dollar (USD) |
|
Currency code: |
USD |
|
Exchange rates: |
the US dollar is used |
|
Fiscal year: |
1 October - 30 September
|
|
Telephones - main lines in use: |
80,000 (2001) |
|
Telephones - mobile cellular: |
98,000 (2004) |
|
Telephone system: |
general assessment:
modern system, integrated with US facilities for direct dialing, including
free use of 800 numbers
domestic: modern digital system,
including cellular mobile service and local access to the Internet
international: country code - 1-671; major landing point for
submarine cables between Asia and the US (Guam is a trans-Pacific
communications hub for major carriers linking the US and Asia); satellite
earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
|
Radio broadcast stations: |
AM 3, FM 11, shortwave 2 (2005)
|
|
Radios: |
221,000 (1997) |
|
Television broadcast stations: |
3 (2006) |
|
Televisions: |
106,000 (1997) |
|
Internet country code: |
.gu |
|
Internet hosts: |
36 (2007) |
|
Internet Service Providers (ISPs): |
20 (2000) |
|
Internet users: |
65,000 (2005) |
|
Airports: |
5 (2007) |
|
Airports - with paved runways: |
total: 4
over
3,047 m: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 1
(2007) |
|
Airports - with unpaved runways: |
total: 1
under
914 m: 1 (2007) |
|
Roadways: |
total: 977 km (2004)
|
|
Ports and terminals: |
Apra Harbor |
|
Military - note: |
defense is the responsibility
of the US |
| Transnational Issues |
Guam |
|
Disputes - international: |
none |
|
